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Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease and Sleep Disorders: Insights into the Rising Epidemic

Navneet Sharma1, Justin Lee1, Irini Youssef1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Divisions of Endocrinology and Nephrology, New York, USA.

Journal of Sleep Disorders & Therapy
|June 23, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are rising epidemics linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Addressing OSA may reduce CVD risk factors associated with obesity.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality globally and in the USA.
  • Established CVD risk factors include obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
  • The increasing prevalence of obesity has introduced obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as a significant, additional CVD risk factor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the escalating epidemics of obesity and OSA.
  • To explore common pathogenic mechanisms linking obesity and OSA to CVD.
  • To discuss the potential of OSA treatment in mitigating CVD risk.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on obesity, OSA, and CVD.
  • Analysis of etiological hypotheses connecting these conditions.
  • Examination of therapeutic strategies for OSA in the context of CVD prevention.

Main Results:

  • Obesity and OSA are independently and synergistically associated with increased CVD risk.
  • Shared pathophysiological pathways include inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction.
  • Evidence suggests that treating OSA can improve cardiovascular outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity and OSA represent a critical nexus for cardiovascular risk.
  • Understanding the link between OSA and CVD is crucial for effective public health strategies.
  • Targeting OSA offers a promising therapeutic avenue for reducing the burden of CVD.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseaseObesitySleep disorders

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