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Superfluidlike Mass Flow Through 8  μm Thick Solid ^{4}He Samples.

Jaeho Shin1, Duk Y Kim1, Ariel Haziot1

  • 1Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-6300, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|June 24, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers observed superfluidlike mass flow in thin solid helium-4 samples. Flow occurred over a wide pressure range, with dissipation becoming superfluidlike at low temperatures, unlike in thicker samples.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Fluids

Background:

  • Superfluidity in helium-4 (⁴He) is a quantum mechanical phenomenon.
  • Previous studies explored mass flow in thicker solid ⁴He samples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate superfluidlike mass flow in thin solid ⁴He samples.
  • To characterize the pressure and temperature dependence of this flow.
  • To compare findings with previous experiments on thicker samples.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing coin-shaped 8 μm thick solid ⁴He samples.
  • Sandwiching samples between superfluid leads.
  • Measuring mass flow rate and onset temperature under varying pressures (up to 30 bar).
  • Employing thermal annealing to enhance flow.

Main Results:

  • Observed superfluidlike mass flow from melting pressure to at least 30 bar.
  • Onset temperature decreased from 1 K to 0.25 K with increasing pressure.
  • Mass-flow rate was sample-dependent, enhanced by annealing, and decreased with temperature.
  • Flow rate showed near-exponential decay with sample pressure.
  • Dissipation decreased with temperature, becoming superfluidlike near 0.1 K.
  • No sharp cutoff in mass-flow rate was observed at low temperatures, unlike in thicker samples.

Conclusions:

  • Thin solid ⁴He samples exhibit robust superfluidlike mass flow over a significant pressure range.
  • The observed behavior differs from thicker samples, particularly regarding the absence of a low-temperature cutoff.
  • Findings provide new insights into quantum transport phenomena in solid helium.