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Quiet echo planar imaging for functional and diffusion MRI.

Jana Hutter1,2, Anthony N Price1,2, Lucilio Cordero-Grande1,2

  • 1Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK.

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|June 28, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new quiet echo planar imaging (EPI) method to reduce acoustic noise during fetal MRI scans. The optimized technique maintains image quality while enabling more efficient and detailed in-utero functional and diffusion imaging.

Keywords:
diffusion MRIfetalfunctional MRImagnetic resonance imagingneuroimagingsequence development

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Medical Physics
  • Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Acoustic noise in echo planar imaging (EPI) compromises efficiency, resolution, and coverage, particularly for fetal scans.
  • Developing quieter EPI sequences is crucial for advancing fetal functional and diffusion MRI studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a purpose-built quiet EPI capability for fetal functional and diffusion MRI.
  • To overcome acoustic limitations that hinder efficiency, resolution, and data acquisition in fetal imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Redesigned gradient waveforms in multiband-accelerated single-shot EPI sequences to minimize spectral content.
  • Implemented a sinusoidal readout, constant phase encoding gradient, smoothed CAIPIRINHA blips, and novel crusher merging for diffusion MRI.
  • Tuned sequence parameters with the gradient system's frequency response function for optimal performance.

Main Results:

  • Achieved up to 12 dB(A) reduction in acoustic noise in adult experiments while preserving image quality, SNR, and quantitative diffusion values.
  • Demonstrated adaptability and increased efficiency of quiet EPI in fetal scans across 10 subjects.
  • Validated the framework's ability to maintain essential imaging metrics under reduced noise conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed framework enables highly efficient, multiband fetal EPI studies by reducing acoustic noise across all EPI sequences.
  • Optimization against gradient frequency response functions allows for maximally time-efficient scans within safe acoustic limits.
  • Facilitates ambitious in-utero functional and diffusion MRI with high spatial/temporal resolution at acceptable sound levels.