Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

620
Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
620
Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

124.0K
Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
124.0K
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

5.2K
Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....
5.2K
The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness02:19

The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness

8.6K
The Y chromosome is a sex chromosome found in several vertebrates and mammals, including humans. In addition to 22 pairs of autosomes, the human males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. In these organisms, the presence or absence of the Y chromosome determines the development of male traits.
Evolution
Around 300 million years ago, the two sex chromosomes diverged from two identical autosomal chromosomes. Over time, the Y chromosome has lost most of its genes, shrinking in size....
8.6K
Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus01:15

Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus

4.2K
Development of the reproductive organs in an embryo starts from a bipotential state. This means the early embryo can develop either male or female reproductive organs. The formation of these organs begins with the growth of gonadal ridges that arise from the intermediate mesoderm during the fifth week of development.
Near the gonadal ridges, two duct systems are present: the mesonephric ducts (Wolffian ducts) and paramesonephric ducts (Müllerian ducts). These ducts form the basis for the...
4.2K
Sex-linked Disorders01:43

Sex-linked Disorders

109.7K
Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.
109.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Infection following foot and ankle surgery : a subanalysis of data captured from the UK Foot and Ankle Thromboembolism (FATE) audit.

The bone & joint journal·2026
Same author

Journey Towards Piloting Helicobacter pylori Screen-and-Treat to Address Health Inequities in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Helicobacter·2026
Same author

Participant experiences of the Knee Care for Arthritis through Pharmacy Service (KneeCAPS): A personalised hīkoi (journey) through care.

Osteoarthritis and cartilage open·2026
Same author

Health benefits of the HIKO e-bike programme: a qualitative study.

The New Zealand medical journal·2026
Same author

Posterior Malleolus Fixation in Trimalleolar Ankle Fractures: Outcomes From a Single-Centre Retrospective Cohort.

Cureus·2026
Same author

Commercial Influences on Healthy Transport: Interest Group Engagement With Transport Ministers in Aotearoa/New Zealand 2017-2022.

Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals·2025
Same journal

Untangling the anterolateral periprostatic neurovasculature and its implications for nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy.

Nature reviews. Urology·2026
Same journal

The role of CFTR in spermatogenesis and sperm quality.

Nature reviews. Urology·2026
Same journal

Urolithiasis in patients with cancer.

Nature reviews. Urology·2026
Same journal

What is new in the updated National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) fertility problems guideline 2026?

Nature reviews. Urology·2026
Same journal

Animal models of spinal cord injury in neuro-urological research.

Nature reviews. Urology·2026
Same journal

Combination therapy for acute Peyronie' s disease: a success story of translation from bench to bedside.

Nature reviews. Urology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Clinical Application of 24 G Cannula Needle and 3-0 Polypropylene Suture in Vas Deferens Exploration
07:21

Clinical Application of 24 G Cannula Needle and 3-0 Polypropylene Suture in Vas Deferens Exploration

Published on: February 10, 2023

3.2K

Risk factors for cryptorchidism.

Jason K Gurney1, Katherine A McGlynn2, James Stanley1

  • 1Department of Public Health, University of Otago, 23a Mein St, Newtown, Wellington 6037, New Zealand.

Nature Reviews. Urology
|June 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Undescended testis, or cryptorchidism, is a common congenital abnormality in boys and a risk factor for testicular cancer. The exact causes and contributing factors for cryptorchidism remain unclear and require further investigation.

More Related Videos

Microscopic Cyst Resection for the Treatment of Patients Diagnosed with Epididymal Cyst
03:10

Microscopic Cyst Resection for the Treatment of Patients Diagnosed with Epididymal Cyst

Published on: March 31, 2023

12.8K
Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System
03:49

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System

Published on: September 20, 2018

21.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Clinical Application of 24 G Cannula Needle and 3-0 Polypropylene Suture in Vas Deferens Exploration
07:21

Clinical Application of 24 G Cannula Needle and 3-0 Polypropylene Suture in Vas Deferens Exploration

Published on: February 10, 2023

3.2K
Microscopic Cyst Resection for the Treatment of Patients Diagnosed with Epididymal Cyst
03:10

Microscopic Cyst Resection for the Treatment of Patients Diagnosed with Epididymal Cyst

Published on: March 31, 2023

12.8K
Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System
03:49

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System

Published on: September 20, 2018

21.2K

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Cryptorchidism is a frequent congenital abnormality in male infants.
  • It is a known risk factor for developing testicular cancer later in life.
  • The precise etiological factors and underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the elusive key factors contributing to the occurrence of cryptorchidism.
  • To explore the potential causes and mechanisms behind disruptions in fetal testicular descent.
  • To evaluate the plausibility of various putative risk factors associated with cryptorchidism.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on testicular descent and cryptorchidism.
  • Analysis of proposed risk factors and their association with the condition.
  • Consideration of genetic, maternal, placental, and fetal factors influencing descent.

Main Results:

  • Consistent evidence links only a few factors to cryptorchidism, often acting as surrogates for true exposures.
  • The relative importance of risk factors may vary significantly based on individual and regional variations.
  • The causes and mechanisms of disruptions during the two critical phases of testicular descent are still unclear.

Conclusions:

  • The etiology of cryptorchidism is complex and multifactorial.
  • Further research is essential to elucidate the causative factors and their mechanisms.
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for potentially preventing testicular cancer risk.