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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Myelin water fraction (MWF) is a key biomarker for white matter integrity.
  • Multi-echo-spin-echo (MESE) is the conventional method for MWF mapping.
  • Multi-gradient recalled-echo (MGRE) imaging is an emerging alternative technique.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy and reliability of MGRE-derived MWF with MESE-derived MWF.
  • To evaluate the performance of MGRE for MWF mapping in healthy subjects.

Main Methods:

  • Acquired MESE and MGRE data from 12 healthy volunteers at 3T.
  • Corrected T2* decay curves for field inhomogeneities.
  • Performed multicomponent analysis using non-negative least-squares fitting.

Main Results:

  • MGRE and MESE-MWFs showed no significant differences in white matter, deep gray matter, or cortical gray matter.
  • Strong correlation (r² = 0.84) was observed between MGRE and MESE MWFs.
  • Bland-Altman analysis revealed a small positive bias for MGRE-MWF (0.8 ± 1.6%).

Conclusions:

  • MGRE-MWF imaging demonstrates excellent agreement with MESE-MWF.
  • MGRE may be less sensitive to water exchange effects than MESE.
  • MGRE is a promising alternative for MWF mapping with appropriate corrections for field inhomogeneities.