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Overlapping Neural Endophenotypes in Addiction and Obesity.
Andréanne Michaud1, Uku Vainik1,2, Isabel Garcia-Garcia1
1Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Frontiers in Endocrinology
|June 30, 2017
Summary
Impulsivity, characterized by acting without considering consequences, links addiction and obesity. Targeting self-control may help prevent or treat both conditions.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral neuroscience
- Clinical psychology
- Addiction research
Background:
- Impulsivity, acting without considering consequences, is linked to addiction and obesity.
- Previous research findings are inconsistent due to the complexity of these conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review overlaps between addiction and obesity focusing on impulsivity.
- To explore similarities in personality, neurocognition, brain imaging, and clinical evidence.
Main Methods:
- Literature review across four domains: personality, neurocognitive tasks, brain imaging, and clinical evidence.
- Analysis of impulsivity-related traits: self-control, reward sensitivity, and negative affect.
Main Results:
- Obesity and addiction share lower self-control, higher reward sensitivity, and heightened negative affect.
- Neurocognitive studies show increased impulsive decision-making and attention bias in both conditions.
- Brain imaging reveals similar alterations in reward processing and self-control tasks.
Conclusions:
- Impulsivity provides an integrative framework for understanding obesity's links to addictive behaviors.
- Therapeutic interventions targeting inhibitory control show promise for obesity prevention and treatment.
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