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An Overview of Novel Adjuvants Designed for Improving Vaccine Efficacy
Srinivasa Reddy Bonam1, Charalambos D Partidos2, Sampath Kumar M Halmuthur3
1CNRS, Immunopathology and therapeutic chemistry/Laboratory of excellence Medalis, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France; Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.
Abstract:
Adjuvants incorporated in prophylactic and/or therapeutic vaccine formulations impact vaccine efficacy by enhancing, modulating, and/or prolonging the immune response. In addition, they reduce antigen concentration and the number of immunizations required for protective efficacy, therefore contributing to making vaccines more cost effective. Our better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of immune recognition and protection has led research efforts to develop new adjuvants that are currently at various stages of development or clinical evaluation. In this review, we focus mainly on several of these promising adjuvants, and summarize recent work conducted in various laboratories to develop novel lipid-containing adjuvants.
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