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Related Concept Videos

Psychosurgery01:30

Psychosurgery

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Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
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Establishing reconstructive neurosurgery as a subspecialty.

Justin M Brown1, Mark A Mahan2, Ross Mandeville3

  • 1Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.

Neurosurgical Focus
|July 4, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Reconstructive neurosurgery is a new subspecialty focused on restoring function for patients with paralysis from various conditions. This emerging field offers neurosurgeons a unique opportunity to lead advancements in treatments and training.

Keywords:
AFO = ankle-foot orthosisASIA = American Spinal Injury AssociationAVM = arteriovenous malformationCMAP = compound motor action potentialEMG = electromyographyLMN = lower motor neuronSCI = spinal cord injuryTBI = traumatic brain injuryUMN = upper motor neuronbrachial plexus injuryelectrodiagnosticsfree functional muscle transplantnerve transferperipheral nerve surgeryreconstructive neurosurgeryspinal cord injurystroketendon transfer

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Neurosurgery is evolving with a new subspecialty dedicated to function restoration.
  • Surgical techniques are expanding to treat a wider range of paralyzing disorders beyond traditional peripheral nerve injuries.
  • Conditions like stroke and spinal cord injury are increasingly candidates for reconstructive neurosurgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the emergence and scope of reconstructive neurosurgery.
  • To emphasize the role of neurosurgeons in developing this new subspecialty.
  • To underscore the potential of reconstructive neurosurgery to integrate future treatments like neuroprosthetics and stem cells.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current neurosurgical practices and emerging techniques.
  • Analysis of the expanding patient population for functional restoration.
  • Discussion of the necessary adaptation of skills within neurosurgical training.

Main Results:

  • Reconstructive neurosurgery now addresses a broader spectrum of neurological disorders, including central nervous system injuries.
  • Neurosurgery training must evolve to incorporate specialized techniques for function restoration.
  • The field is poised to integrate advanced therapies such as neuroprosthetics and stem cell interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Reconstructive neurosurgery represents a significant advancement in the field, expanding neurosurgical capabilities.
  • Neurosurgeons are uniquely positioned to lead the development and integration of innovative functional restoration techniques.
  • This subspecialty promises to improve outcomes for patients with debilitating neurological conditions and enhance neurosurgical training.