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The Reliability, Validity, and Normative Data of Interpupillary Distance and Pupil Diameter Using Eye-Tracking
Nicholas P Murray1, Melissa Hunfalvay2, Takumi Bolte3
1East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
Translational Vision Science & Technology
|July 8, 2017
Summary
This study confirms that infrared eye tracking reliably measures interpupillary distance (IPD) and pupil diameter (PD). Normative data supports its use for individuals with typical vision development.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Optometry
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Accurate measurement of interpupillary distance (IPD) and pupil diameter (PD) is crucial for various clinical and research applications.
- Traditional methods for measuring IPD and PD can be time-consuming and prone to variability.
- Advancements in eye-tracking technology offer potential for more efficient and reliable measurements.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the reliability and validity of interpupillary distance (IPD) and pupil diameter (PD) measurements using an infrared eye tracker with central point stimuli.
- To establish normative data for IPD and PD measurements obtained via infrared eye tracking.
- To compare the accuracy of the infrared eye tracker against established clinical tools.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 416 participants provided normative data, with 50 undergoing detailed reliability and validity testing.
- Interpupillary distance (IPD) was validated against the PL850 Pupilometer and Essilor Digital CRP.
- Pupil diameter (PD) was validated against the Rosenbaum Pocket Vision Screener (RPVS).
- Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha (CA).
Main Results:
- All measures demonstrated strong reliability, with Cronbach's alpha (CA) exceeding 0.7.
- Significant positive correlations were observed between the infrared eye tracker and clinical instruments for both IPD and PD measurements (P < 0.001).
- The RightEye IPD/PD test showed high agreement with the PL850 Pupilometer, Essilor Digital CRP, and RPVS.
Conclusions:
- Infrared eye tracking, utilizing the RightEye IPD/PD test with central point stimuli, provides reliable and accurate measurements of IPD and PD.
- The established normative data offers a benchmark for individuals with normal vision development.
- Employing a central fixation point enhances the reliability of pupil diameter measurements with infrared eye tracking, provided consistent procedures are maintained.
