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Electrospun 3D composite scaffolds for craniofacial critical size defects
V Yogeshwar Chakrapani1,2, T S Sampath Kumar3, Deepa K Raj2
1Medical Materials Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
|July 8, 2017
Summary
This study developed a novel 3D scaffold using electrospun polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite composite for craniofacial defects. The unique structure demonstrated excellent cell adhesion and proliferation, indicating its potential for bone regeneration applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Tissue Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Critical size craniofacial defects pose significant challenges in reconstructive surgery.
- Mimicking the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) with composite structures is a promising approach for bone regeneration.
- Bioactive ceramics integrated into scaffolds can enhance osteoconductivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel three-dimensional (3D) electrospun polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite (PCL-HA) composite scaffold.
- To investigate the morphology and structural characteristics of the fabricated scaffold.
- To evaluate the cytotoxicity and cytocompatibility of the scaffold for craniofacial graft applications.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a 3D PCL-HA composite scaffold using a dynamic liquid bath collector for electrospinning.
- Morphological analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to examine fiber arrangement.
- Crystallinity assessment via X-ray Diffraction (XRD).
- In vitro evaluation of cell adhesion and proliferation using human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells.
Main Results:
- A unique 3D scaffold with distinct base, stem, and head sections was successfully fabricated.
- SEM analysis revealed random fibers in the base and aligned, perpendicular fibers in the stem and head sections.
- XRD indicated an increasing crystallinity index from the base to the head.
- HOS cells exhibited good adhesion and proliferation on the scaffold, demonstrating cytocompatibility.
Conclusions:
- The dynamic liquid bath collector is effective for creating unique 3D PCL-HA composite scaffolds.
- The scaffold's structure and composition support cell growth, making it suitable for craniofacial bone regeneration.
- This 3D scaffold holds potential as a biomaterial for treating critical size craniofacial defects.
