Recent Development and Future Prospects of Plant-Based Vaccines

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Vaccinology
• Molecular Pharming

Background:

• Rising global population and emerging diseases necessitate novel vaccine development.
• Conventional vaccine production is costly, time-consuming, and infrastructure-intensive.
• Plant-based edible vaccine technology presents a promising, cost-effective alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review molecular pharming and edible vaccine technology.
• To discuss the current status of plant-based edible vaccines.
• To explore their mechanism, clinical applications, and trial stages.

Main Methods:

• Genetic modification of plants to express pharmaceutical compounds.
• Utilizing plant biotechnology for producing vaccines, antibodies, and antigens.
• Developing edible vaccines for oral delivery via plant expression systems.

Main Results:

• Edible vaccines have demonstrated the ability to induce both mucosal and systemic immunity.
• Numerous pharmaceutical proteins as edible vaccines have been developed in various plant systems.
• Several edible vaccines have advanced to clinical trials, showing encouraging outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Plant-based edible vaccines offer a sustainable and accessible approach to vaccination.
• The review covers molecular pharming, plant technology, and the clinical progress of edible vaccines.
• Key aspects discussed include mechanism of action, clinical trials, significance, and limitations.