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Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Microwave-Assisted Preparation of 1-Aryl-1H-pyrazole-5-amines
Published on: June 23, 2019
Regioselective Synthesis, NMR, and Crystallographic Analysis of N1-Substituted Pyrazoles
Adrian Huang1, Kellie Wo1, So Yeun Christine Lee1
1Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College , 106 Central Street, Wellesley, Massachusetts 02481, United States.
Abstract:
A systematic study of the N-substitution reactions of 3-substituted pyrazoles under basic conditions has been undertaken. Regioselective N1-alkylation, -arylation, and -heteroarylation of 3-substituted pyrazoles have been achieved using K2CO3-DMSO. The regioselectivity is justified by the DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G**(d) level. A consistent steric effect on chemical shift has been observed for N-alkyl pyrazole analogues. Twenty-five X-ray crystallographic structures have been obtained to confirm the regiochemistry of the major products.
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