[Sweet's syndrome, a diagnosis to keep in mind]

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Rheumatology
• Internal Medicine

Background:

• Sweet's syndrome is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by acute onset of tender, erythematous skin lesions.
• It is often associated with fever and neutrophilia, with neutrophils infiltrating the dermis.
• While frequently idiopathic, it can be linked to infections, inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, vaccination, drugs, or malignancy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the diagnostic strategy for Sweet's syndrome.
• To detail the management approaches for patients with Sweet's syndrome.
• To illustrate key features through clinical cases and relevant images.

Main Methods:

• Review of diagnostic criteria for Sweet's syndrome.
• Analysis of treatment options for Sweet's syndrome.
• Case study presentation with illustrative examples.

Main Results:

• Sudden onset of tender, erythematous skin lesions (papules, nodules, plaques) on limbs, face, and neck.
• Systemic symptoms include high fever and neutrophilia.
• Histopathology reveals diffuse dermal neutrophil infiltrate.

Conclusions:

• Effective diagnosis relies on characteristic clinical and histological findings.
• Management should be tailored to underlying causes and disease severity.
• Prompt recognition and treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes.