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Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Electronic Tongue Generating Continuous Recognition Patterns for Protein Analysis
Published on: September 16, 2014
A Simple Optoelectronic Tongue Discriminates Amino Acids
Benhua Wang1, Jinsong Han1, Chao Ma2
1Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Abstract:
A self-assembled nine-element optoelectronic tongue consisting of a positively charged water-soluble poly(para-phenyleneethynylene) and three metal ions (Fe2+ , Co2+ , and Cu2+ ) at three different pH values (7, 10, and 13) discriminates all of the 20 natural amino acids in water. Unknown identification was not ideal. Addition of a highly positively charged green fluorescent protein in the presence of Fe2+ , Co2+ , and Cu2+ increased the unknown identification to above 86 %. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) orders the responses according to the amino acid type, that is, hydrophobic, polar, anionic, or cationic.
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