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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
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Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
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Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Lymphocyte Infiltration in Central Nervous System during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
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LEUKAEMIC INVOLVEMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

M Akhtar1, A S Narayanaswamy2, Rajat Kumar3

  • 1Senior Adviser (Medicine), No. 7 Air Force Hospital, Kanpur 208 004.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|August 4, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in leukemia is often missed clinically. Autopsy revealed significant CNS lesions in over half of leukemia patients, highlighting diagnostic challenges.

Keywords:
Intracranial haemorrhageLeukemiaMetastasis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Leukemia, a cancer of blood-forming tissues, can affect the central nervous system (CNS).
  • Clinical detection of CNS involvement in leukemia patients can be challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence and spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in leukemia patients.
  • To compare clinical findings with autopsy results for CNS lesions in leukemia.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 82 leukemia patients (25 acute lymphocytic leukaemia, 38 acute myeloid leukaemia, 14 chronic myeloid leukaemia, 5 chronic lymphocytic leukaemia).
  • Clinical neurological assessment for CNS involvement.
  • Autopsy examination for CNS lesions.

Main Results:

  • 23 (28.1%) patients had clinically detected neurological findings, including speech disorders, cranial nerve palsies, encephalopathy, ataxia, intracranial hemorrhage, peripheral neuropathy, and spinal cord involvement.
  • Autopsy revealed CNS involvement in 45 (54.9%) patients.
  • Prominent autopsy findings included leukaemic infiltrations (36.6%) and intracranial hemorrhage (26.8%), with additional findings of demyelination with astrocytosis (9.7%) and gliosis (2.4%).

Conclusions:

  • A significant number of central nervous system (CNS) lesions in leukemia patients are clinically underestimated.
  • Autopsy findings demonstrate a higher prevalence of CNS involvement than typically diagnosed during clinical evaluation.
  • Improved diagnostic strategies are needed to detect CNS involvement in leukemia more effectively.