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Microcracking in Concrete

Microcracking in Concrete

Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...

Toughness and Hardness of Aggregate

Toughness and Hardness of Aggregate

Toughness and hardness are critical properties of aggregate materials used in concrete, particularly on pavement surfaces and industrial flooring subjected to heavy loads. Toughness is defined as the aggregate's resistance to failure by impact and is measured by the aggregate impact value (AIV). For this, the aggregate impact value test is performed, wherein the impact is delivered by a standard hammer, which falls freely under its own weight onto the aggregates. The aggregates fragment in...

Moisture Content and Bulking of Aggregate

Moisture Content and Bulking of Aggregate

The moisture content of aggregates is a crucial factor in construction, particularly in concrete mixing, as it influences the total water required in the mix. Moisture content represents the water coated on the exterior surface of the aggregate existing in a saturated and surface-dry condition. The total water content of a moist aggregate is the sum of its moisture content and water absorption.
When aggregates are exposed to rain or sit in stockpiles, they absorb moisture, which must be...

Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability

Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability

This example deals with managing the workability of concrete for a raft foundation project under hot weather conditions. Workability is crucial for ensuring the concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this scenario, a slump test — a common method to measure the workability of fresh concrete — initially indicated low workability. This was attributed to the rapid water loss from the concrete mix, exacerbated by the high temperatures causing the course aggregates to heat up.

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Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Advanced Self-Healing Asphalt Reinforced by Graphene Structures: An Atomistic Insight

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Microstructural Analysis and Rheological Modeling of Asphalt Mixtures Containing Recycled Asphalt Materials.

Augusto Cannone Falchetto¹, Ki Hoon Moon², Michael P Wistuba³

¹Pavement Engineering Centre (ISBS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 51b, Braunschweig 38106, Germany. a.cannone-falchetto@tu-bs.de.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 10, 2017

Summary

This study investigates recycled asphalt materials in pavement construction. Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) enhances microstructure, while recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) alter it differently, impacting pavement performance.

Keywords:

back-calculation creep stiffness manufacturer waste scrap shingles microstructure reclaimed asphalt pavement recycling tear-off scrap shingles

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Published on: June 6, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Civil Engineering
Pavement Engineering

Background:

Recycled materials like Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and Recycled Asphalt Shingles (RAS) are increasingly used in pavement construction due to economic and environmental advantages.
Transportation agencies have explored the impact of RAP and RAS on asphalt pavement performance, establishing usage limits.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of adding RAP and RAS on the microstructural and low-temperature properties of asphalt mixtures.
To analyze the internal microstructure and rheological behavior of asphalt mixtures containing recycled materials.

Main Methods:

Digital Image Processing (DIP) was employed to analyze digital images of asphalt mixture specimens.
Spatial correlation functions were used to estimate microstructural properties.
Rheological data from the Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) was modeled to back-calculate binder creep stiffness.

Main Results:

Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) increased the autocorrelation length (ACL) of aggregate, asphalt mastic, and air void phases.
Recycled Asphalt Shingles (RAS) exhibited an opposite trend in ACL compared to RAP.
Differences between experimental and back-calculated binder stiffness suggest limited blending between new and aged binders.

Conclusions:

The addition of RAP and RAS significantly influences the microstructure and low-temperature properties of asphalt mixtures.
The distinct effects of RAP and RAS on microstructural parameters warrant further investigation for optimized pavement design.
Partial blending of binders indicates potential challenges and areas for improvement in recycling technologies for asphalt pavements.