Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Equity Theory01:26

Equity Theory

331
Equity theory explains how our sense of fairness influences the dynamics of close relationships. Rooted in social psychology, the theory posits that individuals evaluate fairness by comparing the ratio of their contributions to the rewards they receive. Relationship satisfaction is highest when these ratios are perceived as balanced between partners, promoting mutual reciprocity and a sense of justice.Equity vs. Equality in RelationshipsEquity is distinct from equality. Fairness does not...
331
Inequalities01:28

Inequalities

361
Inequalities express mathematical relationships where two values are not equal and are compared using symbols such as <, >, ≤, or ≥. These expressions define a range of possible solutions rather than a single value. Interval notation provides a concise way to express these solution sets, especially when the variable spans a continuous range. An open interval, written as (a, b), excludes the endpoints, while a closed interval [a, b] includes them. There are also half-open...
361
Sources of Self-Esteem III: Social Comparison01:27

Sources of Self-Esteem III: Social Comparison

299
Social comparison plays a fundamental role in the evaluation of personal success and self-worth. Rather than assessing our achievements in isolation, we interpret their significance relative to personal goals and critically in comparison to the performance of others. A grade of B in a mathematics exam might elicit pride if one's expectation was a C, yet result in disappointment if an A was anticipated or if peers achieved superior results. These comparative evaluations illustrate how both...
299
Skewness01:06

Skewness

19.9K
The measures of central tendency calculated from a data set may not reveal much about its intrinsic distribution. If a plot is made of the data set’s values, the mean and the median may not only differ, but also the plot may have more values on one side of the central tendencies. Such a data set is said to be skewed towards that side.
The longer the tail of the plot on one side, the more skewed it is. The skewness of a data set’s values suggests that the measures of central tendency...
19.9K
Social Exchange Theory01:26

Social Exchange Theory

551
As formulated by John Thibaut and Harold Kelley, Social Exchange Theory explains human relationships as economic-like exchanges that maximize rewards and minimize costs. This theory suggests that individuals engage in relationships to gain benefits and reduce burdens, similar to economic transactions. It has been widely applied to various types of relationships, including romantic, professional, and social interactions.Rewards and Costs in RelationshipsRelationship rewards include emotional...
551
Social Exchange Theory02:06

Social Exchange Theory

40.8K
We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).
40.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Within- and between-study site variations in ambient air pollution exposure at ages 9-10 years in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.

Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same author

Can fertility decline help explain gender pay convergence?

Social forces; a scientific medium of social study and interpretation·2025
Same author

Assessing Racial Heterogeneity in "Housing First" Supports' Effectiveness Among Older Adults Experiencing Homelessness: Evidence From Los Angeles County.

The Gerontologist·2025
Same author

Adolescent Neurodevelopmental Variance Across Social Strata.

JAMA network open·2024
Same author

Building towards an adolescent neural urbanome: Expanding environmental measures using linked external data (LED) in the ABCD study.

Developmental cognitive neuroscience·2024
Same author

Environmental inequality and disparities in school readiness: The role of neurotoxic lead.

Child development·2023
Same journal

The new sociology of bereavement.

Annual review of sociology·2025
Same journal

Presumed Competent: The Strategic Adaptation of Asian Americans in Education and the Labor Market.

Annual review of sociology·2025
Same journal

Expanding Notions of LGBTQ.

Annual review of sociology·2025
Same journal

Leveraging Experience Sampling/Ecological Momentary Assessment for Sociological Investigations of Everyday Life.

Annual review of sociology·2024
Same journal

Recent Developments in Causal Inference and Machine Learning.

Annual review of sociology·2024
Same journal

Gender Quotas for Legislatures and Corporate Boards.

Annual review of sociology·2024
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
08:24

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

1.2K

WEALTH INEQUALITY AND ACCUMULATION.

Alexandra Killewald1, Fabian T Pfeffer2, Jared N Schachner1

  • 1Harvard University.

Annual Review of Sociology
|August 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Research on wealth inequality is growing but faces methodological challenges. Future studies should address causal inference and net worth operationalization for a clearer understanding of wealth

More Related Videos

Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects
08:13

Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects

Published on: May 10, 2019

6.9K
The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm
06:18

The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm

Published on: October 20, 2022

2.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 24, 2026

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
08:24

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

1.2K
Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects
08:13

Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects

Published on: May 10, 2019

6.9K
The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm
06:18

The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm

Published on: October 20, 2022

2.6K

Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Economics
  • Social Stratification

Background:

  • Wealth inequality and accumulation research has expanded significantly in the 21st century.
  • The field faces persistent conceptual and methodological challenges.
  • Understanding wealth's role in social stratification requires addressing data limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and discuss key methodological challenges in wealth research.
  • To review trends in wealth levels and inequality.
  • To explore the effects and determinants of wealth for future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of methodological concerns in causal inference for cumulative data.
  • Examination of operationalization strategies for skewed net worth data.
  • Review of existing data sources for wealth research.

Main Results:

  • Wealth's cumulative nature poses challenges to causal inference.
  • Net worth's skewed distribution requires careful operationalization.
  • Wealth remains a distinct and crucial indicator of social stratification.

Conclusions:

  • Continued empirical attention to net worth is essential.
  • Addressing methodological challenges will advance wealth research.
  • Identifying future research avenues is key to understanding wealth's causes and consequences.