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Non-polymer drug-eluting coronary stents
Nagavendra Kommineni1, Raju Saka1, Wahid Khan2
1Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India.
Drug Delivery and Translational Research
|August 12, 2017
Summary
Non-polymeric drug-eluting stents offer improved safety and efficacy over traditional polymer-coated versions. This review explores advanced non-polymeric stent designs and drug-eluting coatings for cardiovascular applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Materials Science
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Cardiovascular complications are a major cause of mortality, with coronary artery disease and surgical failures being significant contributors.
- Drug-eluting stents (DES) have improved patient outcomes compared to bare metal stents, primarily by reducing in-stent restenosis.
- Polymer-based DES face challenges including polymer degradation, leading to late stent thrombosis and immunogenicity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the development and advancements in non-polymeric drug-eluting stents (NP-DES).
- To discuss various drug-eluting strategies and surface modification techniques for NP-DES.
- To provide an update on clinically approved and emerging NP-DES technologies.
Main Methods:
- Review of scientific literature on non-polymeric drug-eluting stents.
- Analysis of surface modification techniques including crystalline, nanoporous, and self-assembled monolayer coatings.
- Examination of drug-loading strategies using anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, and anti-platelet agents.
Main Results:
- Non-polymeric coatings overcome the limitations of polymer degradation, enhancing stent safety and long-term performance.
- Diverse surface modification techniques enable controlled drug release and improved biocompatibility.
- Various therapeutic agents are being incorporated into NP-DES to address specific cardiovascular needs.
Conclusions:
- Non-polymeric drug-eluting stents represent a significant advancement in cardiovascular device technology.
- These novel stents offer enhanced safety profiles by mitigating polymer-related adverse events.
- Continued research and development in NP-DES promise improved treatments for cardiovascular diseases.
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