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Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Clinical practice guidelines for congenital hyperinsulinism.

Tohru Yorifuji1, Reiko Horikawa2, Tomonobu Hasegawa3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology : Case Reports and Clinical Investigations : Official Journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology
|August 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New clinical guidelines for congenital hyperinsulinism (a rare disorder) offer evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis and treatment. These guidelines aim to improve care for affected children by incorporating recent advances in the field.

Keywords:
congenital hyperinsulinismguidelineshypoglycemia

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Surgery

Background:

  • Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a rare but serious condition affecting glucose regulation in infants.
  • Recent advancements necessitate updated clinical practice guidelines for CHI management.
  • Existing guidelines require revision to reflect current diagnostic and therapeutic progress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for congenital hyperinsulinism.
  • To provide comprehensive guidance for neonatologists, pediatric endocrinologists, pediatricians, and pediatric surgeons.
  • To integrate the latest diagnostic and treatment strategies for CHI.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review conducted in April 2016.
  • Identification of key clinical questions related to CHI.
  • Evidence assessment and guideline formulation following official procedures.
  • Inclusion of public comments for refinement.

Main Results:

  • Guidelines cover CHI's general features, diagnostic criteria, and tools.
  • Recommendations include first- and second-line medical treatments.
  • Details on surgical treatment criteria and procedures are provided.
  • Future perspectives on CHI management are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • The developed guidelines offer a comprehensive, evidence-based framework for managing congenital hyperinsulinism.
  • These guidelines are essential for optimizing clinical practice and improving outcomes for children with CHI.
  • Collaboration between pediatric endocrinology and surgery societies ensures a multidisciplinary approach.