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Acute Pain Management in Hospitalized Children

Ria Dancel1, Edmund Allen Liles2, Darren Fiore3

  • 1Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, 101 Manning Drive, Campus Box 7085, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7085. United States.

Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials
|August 18, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric acute pain management is shifting towards multimodal strategies, reducing opioid reliance. Non-pharmacological and non-opioid pharmacological methods are increasingly effective for hospitalized children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pain Management
  • Multimodal Analgesia
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Acute pain is common in hospitalized children.
  • Current trends favor multimodal pain management over sole reliance on opioids due to side effects and dependence risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent studies on acute pain management in hospitalized pediatric patients.
  • To identify effective non-opioid and non-pharmacological strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Searched Cochrane Database and PubMed for studies from the past five years.
  • Focused on randomized controlled trials, quasi-randomized controlled trials, cohort trials, and meta-analyses.
  • Categorized interventions into non-pharmacological, localized, non-opioid pharmacological, and opioid-based therapies.

Main Results:

  • Non-pharmacological methods (e.g., environmental, active distraction) are effective for infants and school-aged children.
  • Needleless lidocaine administration and non-opioid medications (e.g., parecoxib, methoxyflurane, ketorolac, tramadol) are highlighted.
  • Avoidance of codeine is recommended.

Conclusions:

  • Acute pediatric pain management emphasizes multimodal and multidisciplinary approaches.
  • Routine use of non-pharmacological therapies is recommended for all children.
  • Specialized pediatric pain services integrate advanced treatments like nerve blocks and central pain modulators.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute painanalgesiahospitalmeta-analysesmulti-modal treatmentpediatric

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