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Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome: Diagnosis and Management
R Kumar1, G Jaiswal1, A Bhargava1
1Department of Radiodiagnosis, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Geetanjali University, Udaipur, India.
Kathmandu University Medical Journal (KUMJ)
|August 18, 2017
Summary
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome, a rare upper gastrointestinal disorder, involves duodenal obstruction caused by the superior mesenteric artery. Surgical intervention relieved symptoms in a teenage patient.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Radiology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) is a rare, life-threatening upper gastrointestinal disorder.
- It results from mechanical compression of the duodenum by the superior mesenteric artery, often due to acute loss of mesenteric fat.
- This leads to obstruction and symptoms like postprandial pain, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss.
Observation:
- A 15-year-old boy presented with recurrent epigastric pain, fullness, nausea, bilious vomiting, and weight loss.
- Abdominal CT angiography revealed duodenal dilatation and vascular compression between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery.
Findings:
- The patient's symptoms were attributed to superior mesenteric artery syndrome.
- Conservative measures failed to resolve the obstruction.
Implications:
- Laparoscopic retrocolic duodenojejunostomy effectively relieved the duodenal obstruction.
- This case highlights the importance of radiological diagnosis and surgical management for rare cases of SMAS.
- Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for favorable outcomes in patients with SMAS.
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