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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:27

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care

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Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
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Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
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Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

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 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
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Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

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Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...
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Ischaemic stroke and peripheral artery disease.

Attiya Sabeen Rahman1, Syed Wasim Akhtar1, Qaiser Jamal1

  • 1KMDC.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|August 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral artery disease, indicated by a low ankle-brachial index, affects 18.3% of ischemic stroke patients. This study assessed atherosclerosis in stroke patients, finding a significant prevalence of peripheral artery disease.

Keywords:
Ischaemic stroke, Peripheral artery disease, Ankle brachial index, Carotid artery stenosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Ischemic stroke is a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide.
  • Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis.
  • The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a non-invasive test to assess PAD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of atherosclerosis using the ankle-brachial index in patients with ischemic stroke.
  • To evaluate the association between carotid artery stenosis and ankle-brachial index in ischemic stroke patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 327 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke.
  • Patients were classified using the Asian stroke criteria.
  • Primary outcome measures included carotid artery stenosis and ankle-brachial index; data analyzed using SPSS 20.

Main Results:

  • Peripheral artery disease was detected in 18.3% of the study population.
  • Mild carotid artery stenosis was present in 55.6% of patients, moderate in 42.8%, severe in 0.9%, and complete occlusion in 0.6%.
  • PAD prevalence was similar in patients with mild (17.5%) and moderate (17.8%) carotid artery stenosis.

Conclusions:

  • Abnormally low ankle-brachial index, indicative of subclinical peripheral artery disease, was found in 18% of ischemic stroke patients.
  • Atherosclerosis, assessed by ABI, is common in patients with ischemic stroke.
  • Findings highlight the importance of assessing for PAD in stroke patients.