Designed graphene-peptide nanocomposites for biosensor applications: A review

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Biotechnology
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Graphene modification with biomacromolecules like peptides enhances material properties.
• Peptide-functionalized graphene improves biocompatibility and bio-recognition for biosensing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advances in the synthesis of graphene-peptide nanocomposites.
• To discuss their applications in various biosensor architectures.

Main Methods:

• Biofunctionalization of graphene with designed peptides.
• Synthesis of graphene-peptide nanocomposites (monomers, nanofibrils, nanotubes).
• Fabrication of electrochemical, fluorescent, electronic, and spectroscopic biosensors.

Main Results:

• Demonstrated synthesis strategies for graphene-peptide nanocomposites.
• Presented diverse biosensor architectures utilizing these materials.
• Highlighted improvements in biosensing selectivity and sensitivity.

Conclusions:

• Graphene-peptide nanocomposites show significant promise for advanced biosensing.
• This review consolidates recent studies to guide future developments.
• Applications span biomedical detection and environmental analysis.