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Characteristics of Inmates Who Misuse Prescription Medication
Anthony C Tamburello1,2, Archana Kathpal1, Rusty Reeves1,2
11 Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Trenton, NJ, USA.
Summary
Incarcerated individuals frequently misuse prescribed medications, with gabapentin, diphenhydramine, clonidine, and ibuprofen being most common. Those with substance use disorders or mental illness were more likely to misuse medications.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Psychiatry
- Clinical Pharmacology
- Public Health
Background:
- Substance use disorders (SUDs) are prevalent in correctional populations.
- Prescription medication misuse, diversion, and abuse are significant concerns within correctional facilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify commonly misused prescribed medications among inmates in the New Jersey Department of Corrections.
- To characterize the patient population associated with medication misuse in this setting.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of electronic medical records and institutional charge reports.
- Analysis of data from the New Jersey Department of Corrections between 2003 and 2013.
Main Results:
- Gabapentin, diphenhydramine, clonidine, and ibuprofen were the most frequently misused medications.
- Inmates misusing medications were more likely to have a history of SUD, mental illness treatment, antisocial personality disorder, malingering, and polypharmacy.
Conclusions:
- Medications not typically managed by psychiatrists can be misused in correctional settings.
- Healthcare providers in correctional facilities must exercise caution and implement risk management strategies for prescribed medications.
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