Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Panic Disorder01:27

Panic Disorder

879
Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
879
Behavior Therapy01:22

Behavior Therapy

809
Behavior therapy incorporates diverse techniques rooted in classical conditioning principles to address maladaptive behaviors and anxiety disorders. These methods aim to reduce avoidance behaviors, foster adaptive coping mechanisms, and alter associations between stimuli and responses, making them effective in a wide range of therapeutic contexts.
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...
809
Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview01:26

Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview

1.3K
Anxiolytic drugs are vital in managing anxiety disorders by effectively alleviating symptoms such as excessive fear, tachycardia, and tremors. There are several classes of anxiolytic medications, each with unique mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic...
1.3K
Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation01:25

Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation

3.1K
Hyperventilation refers to a higher-than-normal rate and depth of breathing, often associated with anxiety attacks. This excessive breathing surpasses the body's need to expel CO2, leading to a condition known as hypocapnia - an unusually low level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypocapnia can constrict cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the brain, which may result in dizziness or fainting. Early signs include tingling and muscle spasms in the hands and face, caused by falling...
3.1K
Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone01:29

Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone

2.7K
Benzodiazepines are a class of anxiolytic drugs known for their rapid efficacy and high therapeutic-to-lethal dose ratio, but with a potential risk of drug dependence. These drugs are lipophilic, allowing for rapid absorption after oral administration, eventually reaching the central nervous system (CNS). Once in the CNS, benzodiazepines bind to the allosteric site of the GABAA receptor. This binding enhances the inhibitory effects of the neurotransmitter GABA. By doing so, they prevent...
2.7K
Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview01:23

Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview

1.7K
Sedatives are drugs that alleviate anxiety, while hypnotics induce sleep. Both classes of medication suppress neuronal activity, leading to a calming effect for sedatives and facilitating sleep for hypnotics.
Sedative-hypnotics are categorized into barbiturates, benzodiazepines (BZDs), and non-benzodiazepines or Z-drugs. These drugs work by suppressing central nervous system activity, and this suppression is dose-dependent. Older sedative medications, like barbiturates, follow a linear curve in...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same authorSame journal

Expanding the horizon: Clinical hypnosis at the intersection of mechanism, meaning, and method.

The American journal of clinical hypnosis·2026
Same author

Editorial.

The American journal of clinical hypnosis·2025
Same author

Editorial.

The American journal of clinical hypnosis·2025
Same author

Learning Clinical Hypnosis Wide Awake: Can We Teach Hypnosis Hypnotically?

The American journal of clinical hypnosis·2018
Same author

Looking at Alert, Conversational Hypnosis.

The American journal of clinical hypnosis·2018
Same author

Hypnotic Induction: Enhancing Trance or Mostly Myth?

The American journal of clinical hypnosis·2016
Same journal

Age regression in clinical hypnosis: an integrative critical review of therapeutic mechanisms.

The American journal of clinical hypnosis·2026
Same journal

CBT vs. Ericksonian Hypnotherapy for subclinical depression and anxiety: 12-month follow-up.

The American journal of clinical hypnosis·2026
Same journal

The relationship between hypnotic ideomotor phenomena and psychopathology: A preliminary study.

The American journal of clinical hypnosis·2026
Same journal

Relational hypnotherapy, lucid dreaming, and sleep paralysis: A case study.

The American journal of clinical hypnosis·2026
Same journal

The Contributions of Women to Hypnosis - MsMers, Menders, Mentors.

The American journal of clinical hypnosis·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

The use of Biofeedback in Clinical Virtual Reality: The INTREPID Project
06:52

The use of Biofeedback in Clinical Virtual Reality: The INTREPID Project

Published on: November 12, 2009

15.7K

Treating Panic Disorder Hypnotically.

David B Reid1

  • 1a Private Practice , Fishersville , Virginia , USA.

The American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis
|September 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a hypnosis protocol for panic disorder. A case example shows a firefighter

Keywords:
anxiety attackshypnosispanic disordertrance

More Related Videos

Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker
08:32

Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker

Published on: December 18, 2014

23.4K
Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance
08:17

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance

Published on: July 19, 2017

8.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 23, 2026

The use of Biofeedback in Clinical Virtual Reality: The INTREPID Project
06:52

The use of Biofeedback in Clinical Virtual Reality: The INTREPID Project

Published on: November 12, 2009

15.7K
Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker
08:32

Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker

Published on: December 18, 2014

23.4K
Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance
08:17

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance

Published on: July 19, 2017

8.2K

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Panic disorder is a debilitating condition characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks.
  • Effective treatment strategies are crucial for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

Observation:

  • A 28-year-old male firefighter experienced near-daily panic attacks for four months.
  • The patient presented with significant distress and functional impairment due to panic symptoms.

Findings:

  • A hypnosis protocol incorporating education, cognitive restructuring, physical activity, and hypnosis was implemented.
  • The patient achieved a significant reduction in panic attack frequency and intensity.
  • Long-term follow-up six years later indicated sustained remission and improved career progression.

Implications:

  • Hypnosis may be an effective therapeutic tool for managing panic disorder.
  • This protocol offers a potential non-pharmacological approach for panic disorder treatment.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the efficacy of this hypnosis protocol in larger populations.