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Amperometric enzyme electrodes.

W J Albery1, P N Bartlett, A E Cass

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, U.K.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|August 28, 1987
PubMed
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This study presents novel amperometric enzyme electrodes for detecting ethanol, bile acids, and glucose. It also details sensors for toxic gases like H2S and HCN using enzyme inhibition.

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Biotechnology
  • Biosensors

Background:

  • Amperometric enzyme electrodes are crucial for biochemical analysis.
  • Developing efficient and selective biosensors is an ongoing challenge.
  • Existing methods may require membranes or lack in vivo applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe three distinct types of amperometric enzyme electrodes.
  • To demonstrate their application in detecting various analytes, including biomolecules and toxic gases.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms of enzyme oxidation and sensor performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing conducting organic-salt electrodes for enzyme immobilization and redox reactions.
  • Developing sensors for NADH oxidation, ethanol, bile acids, and flavoenzymes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigating heterogeneous redox catalysis for enzyme oxidation.
  • Designing sensors for in vivo glucose monitoring in rats.
  • Employing enzyme inhibition of cytochrome oxidase for toxic gas detection (H2S, HCN).
  • Main Results:

    • Successful development of sensors for ethanol and bile acids.
    • Demonstration of direct oxidation of five different flavoenzymes on the electrode surface.
    • Confirmation of heterogeneous redox catalysis and strong enzyme adsorption, enabling membrane-less microelectrodes.
    • Real-time in vivo monitoring of glucose levels in rat brains.
    • Detection of low concentrations of H2S and HCN via enzyme inhibition.

    Conclusions:

    • Conducting organic-salt electrodes offer a versatile platform for amperometric enzyme biosensors.
    • The developed sensors show promise for both in vitro biochemical analysis and in vivo monitoring.
    • Enzyme inhibition provides a sensitive method for detecting toxic gases.