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Determination of Rare Earth Elements in Geological Samples Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS).

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  • 11 National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

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|September 15, 2017
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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) can detect and quantify rare earth elements (REEs) in geological samples. This method shows potential for analyzing REEs in minerals and ores, comparable to established techniques.

Keywords:
LIBSREERare earth elementsgeological sampleslaser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Geochemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Rare earth elements (REEs) are critical in various industrial applications.
  • Accurate and efficient methods for REE detection in geological matrices are needed.
  • Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) offers a rapid, in-situ analytical technique.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the capability of LIBS for detecting and quantifying REEs in natural geological samples.
  • To identify specific REEs (Ce, La, Nd, Y, Pr, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy) using their emission lines.
  • To develop and validate quantitative models for selected REEs.

Main Methods:

  • Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied to geological samples.
  • Emission spectra were analyzed to identify characteristic REE lines.
  • Partial least squares regression (PLS-R) models were developed for quantification.
  • LIBS results were compared with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) data.

Main Results:

  • Detection of multiple REEs (Ce, La, Nd, Y, Pr, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy) was confirmed through spectral line identification.
  • PLS-R models successfully quantified Ce, La, and Nd.
  • Quantitative predictions for unknown samples showed good agreement with ICP-MS analysis.
  • LIBS demonstrated reliable performance in analyzing REEs within geological materials.

Conclusions:

  • LIBS is a viable technique for the qualitative detection of a range of REEs in geological samples.
  • The developed PLS-R models enable accurate quantification of key REEs like Ce, La, and Nd.
  • LIBS shows significant potential as a cost-effective and efficient alternative for REE analysis in mineral exploration and geological studies.