Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein in cardiovascular disease: A systemic review

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Cardiology
• Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

• Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) indicate tissue injury.
• Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) is a marker for myocardial damage and acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
• H-FABP has emerged as a promising early detection marker for AMI.

Purpose of the Study:

• To discuss the current role of H-FABP as an early marker for AMI in the era of high-sensitivity troponin.
• To highlight H-FABP as a prognostic marker for fatal diseases associated with poor clinical outcomes.
• To review the clinical applications of H-FABP in various settings.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on H-FABP's role in cardiovascular diseases.
• Analysis of H-FABP's diagnostic and prognostic capabilities.
• Discussion of factors influencing H-FABP levels and interpretation.

Main Results:

• H-FABP is a prognostic marker for AMI, heart failure, arrhythmia, and pulmonary embolism.
• Optimal cut-off values for H-FABP vary by cardiovascular event and clinical setting.
• Factors like age, gender, and cardiovascular risk influence H-FABP levels.

Conclusions:

• H-FABP remains a valuable marker for early AMI detection and prognosis across various cardiovascular conditions.
• Further research is needed to establish optimal cut-off values and standardize interpretation.
• Consideration of patient-specific factors is crucial for accurate H-FABP assessment.