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Cutoff-Free Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics.

Moein Malekakhlagh1, Alexandru Petrescu1, Hakan E Türeci1

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.

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|September 27, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantum systems in cavities experience modified decay rates. Ensuring gauge invariance resolves divergences in circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) calculations, enabling finite spontaneous emission and Lamb shift without cutoffs.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Optics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Electrodynamics

Background:

  • Quantum-confined electronic systems interact with the electromagnetic field, leading to radiative decay and energy level shifts.
  • Cavity coupling significantly modifies these quantum properties compared to vacuum.
  • Circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) models show radiative decay rates are influenced by off-resonant cavity modes, causing calculation divergences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the source of divergences in multimode circuit QED calculations.
  • Develop a theoretical framework that avoids divergences and cutoffs.
  • Accurately calculate spontaneous emission rates and Lamb shifts in circuit QED.

Main Methods:

  • Multimode quantum electrodynamics calculations.
  • Analysis of gauge invariance in theoretical models.
  • Development of a gauge-invariant theoretical approach.

Main Results:

  • Divergences in circuit QED calculations arise from neglecting gauge invariance.
  • A gauge-invariant approach successfully resolves these divergences.
  • Finite spontaneous emission rates and Lamb shifts are obtained without imposing artificial cutoffs.

Conclusions:

  • Gauge invariance is crucial for consistent calculations in circuit QED.
  • The presented theoretical method provides a reliable way to compute radiative properties.
  • This work offers a pathway to more accurate predictions in quantum electrodynamics systems.