In vitro study of the mechanical performance of hernia mesh under cyclic loading

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Surgical Innovation
• Polymer Chemistry

Background:

• Synthetic polymer prostheses in hernia surgery can cause complications due to mechanical property mismatches.
• Understanding mesh behavior under physiological loads is crucial for improving surgical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the in vitro degradation and mechanical response of three different hernia meshes (Ultrapro, Dynamesh, Surgipro) under simulated physiological conditions and cyclic loading.
• To compare the performance of meshes with varying compositions (poliglecaprone, polypropylene, polyvinylidenefluoride) and architectures.

Main Methods:

• In vitro degradation tests in acidic and alkaline mediums at 37°C for 42 and 90 days, analyzing weight loss and thickness changes.
• Cyclic loading tests in three increasing stages to evaluate mechanical hysteresis and deformation.
• Analysis of degradation mechanisms and their pH dependency.

Main Results:

• Ultrapro (poliglecaprone/polypropylene) showed the greatest weight loss and thickness reduction, independent of pH, with the lowest deformation (10%).
• Surgipro (polypropylene) exhibited pH-independent degradation with slight changes and significant deformation (25%), including necking.
• Dynamesh (polyvinylidenefluoride) degradation was pH-dependent, acting as a catalyst in acidic conditions, with 22% deformation before failing under cyclic load.

Conclusions:

• All tested hernia meshes undergo permanent plastic deformation, potentially reducing flexibility over time.
• Mesh degradation and mechanical response vary significantly based on material composition and pH.
• Dynamesh demonstrated susceptibility to degradation and mechanical failure under cyclic loading, highlighting material-specific performance differences.