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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
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Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

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Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
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Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

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Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
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Thermal Strain01:19

Thermal Strain

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Thermal strain is a concept that arises when we consider how temperature changes affect structures. Unlike the conventional assumption that structures remain constant under load, real-world scenarios often involve temperature fluctuations that can significantly impact these structures. Consider a homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section resting freely on a flat horizontal surface. If the rod's temperature increases, the rod elongates. This elongation is proportional to the temperature...
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Author Spotlight: Characterizing Environmental Biofilm Mechanics Using Optical Coherence Elastography and its Applications in Wastewater Treatment
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Thermo-elastic optical coherence tomography.

Tianshi Wang, Tom Pfeiffer, Min Wu

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    Laser pulses cause rapid tissue deformation. New thermo-elastic optical coherence tomography (OCT) visualizes these changes, revealing hidden tissue details and improving diagnostic information.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Optics
    • Tissue Optics
    • Optical Coherence Tomography

    Background:

    • Nanosecond laser pulses induce rapid thermo-elastic deformation in biological tissues.
    • Sub-micrometer displacements occur within microseconds post-laser pulse.
    • Understanding laser-tissue interactions is crucial for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate laser-induced thermo-elastic deformation in tissue.
    • To develop and validate a novel phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography (OCT) modality.
    • To assess the potential of thermo-elastic OCT for enhanced tissue characterization.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a 1.5 MHz phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography (OCT) system.
    • Applied nanosecond laser pulses to induce thermo-elastic deformation.
    • Reconstructed displacement images to visualize tissue response.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully reconstructed displacement images using phase-sensitive OCT.
    • Demonstrated that optical absorption is a primary factor influencing displacement.
    • Identified previously invisible inclusions within tissue structures.

    Conclusions:

    • Introduced thermo-elastic OCT as a new imaging modality.
    • Thermo-elastic OCT provides complementary information to structural OCT.
    • This technique enhances tissue type differentiation by visualizing sub-surface features.