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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

32
Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also...
32
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

28
Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
28
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

38
Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
38
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

47
Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
47
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics

53
Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors01:20

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors

44
Modified-release drug delivery systems are designed to optimize the therapeutic effect of drugs by minimizing side effects, reducing the dosage required, and controlling drug release to align with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic needs. The system depends on two key factors: the drug's release from the formulation and its movement through the body to the target site. Unlike conventional dosage forms, where absorption is the limiting step, the rate of drug release is the key determinant in...
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Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Rapid, Scalable Assembly and Loading of Bioactive Proteins and Immunostimulants into Diverse Synthetic Nanocarriers Via Flash Nanoprecipitation
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Active Antioxidizing Particles for On-Demand Pressure-Driven Molecular Release.

Yongbeom Seo1, Jiayu Leong1,2, Jye Yng Teo1,2

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|September 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel polymeric particles that actively release antioxidants when exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This self-pressurizing system enhances antioxidant delivery to combat oxidative stress and protect tissues.

Keywords:
MnO2 nanosheetsepigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)oxidative damagepoly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) particle

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Oxidative Stress Research

Background:

  • Overproduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to inflammation, infection, and cancer.
  • High ROS levels cause oxidative damage to biomolecules, cells, and tissues.
  • Existing antioxidant delivery systems often suffer from slow, diffusion-driven drug release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop polymeric particles capable of actively discharging antioxidants in response to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
  • To create a self-pressurizing system for enhanced antioxidant delivery.
  • To investigate the protective effects of these particles on vascular and brain tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) spherical particles.
  • Encapsulated water-dispersible manganese oxide (MnO2) nanosheets and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) within PLGA.
  • Investigated H2O2-induced internal pressure generation and subsequent EGCG release.

Main Results:

  • MnO2 nanosheets decomposed H2O2, generating oxygen gas and increasing internal particle pressure.
  • Pressurized particles actively released EGCG, demonstrating enhanced antioxidant delivery.
  • Particles with MnO2 showed superior protection of vascular and brain tissues against oxidative damage compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Developed a novel H2O2-responsive, self-pressurizing polymeric particle system.
  • This system enables active and on-demand release of molecular cargos like EGCG.
  • The technology holds promise for treating conditions associated with elevated oxidative stress.