Leukemia cells detection based on electroporation assisted surface-enhanced Raman scattering.

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Analytical Chemistry
• Cell Biology

Background:

• Leukemia diagnosis requires efficient and accurate screening methods.
• Label-free techniques are desirable for rapid cell analysis.
• Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) offers high sensitivity for molecular detection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a fast and label-free method for differentiating human myeloid leukemia cells from normal bone marrow cells.
• To evaluate the efficacy of an electroporation-based SERS technique for leukemia cell screening.

Main Methods:

• Electroporation was used to deliver silver nanoparticles into living cells.
• High-quality SERS spectra were obtained from acute promyelocytic leukemia (HL60), chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562), and normal bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMC).
• Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) algorithms were employed for spectral analysis and model development.

Main Results:

• SERS spectra successfully differentiated leukemia cell lines (HL60, K562) from normal BMC.
• PCA-LDA achieved high sensitivity (98.3%) and specificity (98.3%) in distinguishing leukemia from normal cells.
• A PLS-based diagnostic model accurately predicted unidentified subjects with 96.7% diagnostic accuracy.

Conclusions:

• Electroporation-based SERS is a promising technique for rapid and label-free leukemia cell screening.
• The combination of SERS with PCA-LDA and PLS algorithms provides a robust approach for cancer cell detection.
• This method holds potential for improving early leukemia diagnosis and patient management.