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Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Obese Children
T Chandrasekhar1, M M Suchitra, M Pallavi
1Departments of Biochemistry and *Endocrinology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India. Correspondence to: Dr MM Suchitra, Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India. suchitra.n@rediffmail.com.
Indian Pediatrics
|October 7, 2017
Summary
Pediatric obesity significantly elevates cardiovascular risk factors like insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Early lifestyle interventions are crucial for obese children to mitigate these risks and prevent metabolic syndrome.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Cardiovascular Health
- Metabolic Syndrome Research
Background:
- Pediatric obesity is a growing global health concern.
- Obesity is linked to various metabolic and cardiovascular complications.
- Early identification of cardiovascular risk factors in obese children is critical.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in obese children.
- To assess markers of metabolic dysfunction in pediatric obesity.
- To establish correlations between body mass index and cardiovascular risk indicators.
Main Methods:
- A comparative study included 50 obese and 50 non-obese children (ages 5-17).
- Measurements included fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).
- Assays for uric acid, fibrinogen, malondialdehyde, plasma antioxidant capacity, and nitric oxide were performed.
Main Results:
- Obese children exhibited significantly higher levels of insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides, uric acid, fibrinogen, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide.
- Body mass index strongly correlated with increased insulin, insulin resistance, uric acid, fibrinogen, and nitric oxide levels.
- Dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction markers were elevated in the obese cohort.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric obesity is strongly associated with key cardiovascular risk factors including dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction.
- These factors are integral components of metabolic syndrome in children.
- Targeted lifestyle and dietary modifications are essential for managing pediatric obesity and its associated risks.
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