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Globalizing Genomics: The Origins of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration
1School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 14 Nanyang Drive #05-07, Singapore, 637332, Singapore. hstevens@ntu.edu.sg.
Journal of the History of Biology
|October 8, 2017
Summary
The international exchange of DNA sequence data predates the Human Genome Project, with early databases fostering global collaboration. This foundational internationalism shaped the concept of genomic data as global objects.
Area of Science:
- Bioinformatics
- Genomic Data Science
- History of Science
Background:
- Genomics is increasingly viewed as a global endeavor, with rapid biological information flow being central to its progress.
- The international circulation of nucleotide sequence information predates the Human Genome Project.
Observation:
- Formalization of sequence information exchange emerged alongside centralized data collection facilities.
- The earliest DNA sequence databases were inherently international collaborative enterprises from inception.
Findings:
- This paper details the establishment of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration, involving GenBank (USA), EMBL Databank (Europe), and the DNA Database of Japan.
- The development of technical and social infrastructure for international nucleotide sequence exchange enabled the conceptualization of sequences and genomes as global entities.
Implications:
- The transnational nature of nucleotide sequences was crucial to their fundamental nature and scientific understanding.
- Early international data sharing profoundly influenced the perception and handling of genomic data during major projects like the Human Genome Project.
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