Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

1.3K
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
1.3K
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

568
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
568
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

524
Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
524
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

1.1K
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
1.1K
Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History01:21

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History

480
The genitourinary system is critical to maintaining fluid balance, waste elimination, and reproductive function. Nurses play a vital role in assessing this system, beginning with a thorough health history. This process involves gathering patient information, identifying risk factors, and recognizing symptoms of genitourinary disorders. Early detection is vital for timely interventions and management.1. Gathering Patient InformationA complete health history includes the patient’s personal,...
480
The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

3.0K
Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating...
3.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Psychological and Psychiatric Issues in Enuresis and Urinary Incontinence-A Revised and Updated Document of the International Children's Continence Society (ICCS).

Neurourology and urodynamics·2026
Same author

Neuromotor Skills in Children With Incontinence Before and During Treatment.

Neurourology and urodynamics·2026
Same author

Evaluation of a bladder and bowel training program for therapy-resistant children with incontinence.

Journal of pediatric urology·2021
Same author

Definitions, indications and practice of urotherapy in children and adolescents: - A standardization document of the International Children's Continence Society (ICCS).

Journal of pediatric urology·2021
Same author

Improving care for older patients in the acute setting: a qualitative study with healthcare providers.

The Netherlands journal of medicine·2017
Same author

Standard urotherapy as first-line intervention for daytime incontinence: a meta-analysis.

European child & adolescent psychiatry·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism
06:15

Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism

Published on: October 3, 2018

8.2K

Incontinence in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review.

Justine Niemczyk1, C Wagner2, A von Gontard2

  • 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, 66421, Homburg, Germany. justine.niemczyk@uks.eu.

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
|October 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show higher rates of incontinence, including nocturnal enuresis and fecal incontinence. Conversely, incontinent children may exhibit ASD symptoms, highlighting a significant co-occurrence needing further research.

Keywords:
Autism spectrum disorderEncopresisEnuresisFunctional incontinencePrevalenceSystematic review

More Related Videos

A Familiarization Protocol Facilitates the Participation of Children with ASD in Electrophysiological Research
08:42

A Familiarization Protocol Facilitates the Participation of Children with ASD in Electrophysiological Research

Published on: July 31, 2017

8.9K
Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

17.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism
06:15

Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism

Published on: October 3, 2018

8.2K
A Familiarization Protocol Facilitates the Participation of Children with ASD in Electrophysiological Research
08:42

A Familiarization Protocol Facilitates the Participation of Children with ASD in Electrophysiological Research

Published on: July 31, 2017

8.9K
Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

17.2K

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Urology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by social, communication, and behavioral deficits.
  • Functional incontinence is common in childhood, often co-occurring with other developmental disorders.
  • The relationship between ASD and various forms of incontinence requires systematic investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the co-occurrence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and incontinence (nocturnal enuresis, daytime urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence).
  • To examine the prevalence of incontinence in children with ASD and ASD symptoms in children with incontinence.
  • To identify research gaps and methodological limitations in existing studies.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across four databases (Scopus, PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science).
  • Keywords included "incontinence", "enuresis", "encopresis" combined with "autism" or "Asperger".
  • Included studies examined incontinence in ASD samples or ASD in incontinence samples; 33 publications were reviewed.

Main Results:

  • Published literature suggests a higher prevalence of incontinence in children with ASD compared to neurotypical children.
  • ASD symptoms were identified in children with incontinence, though control groups were lacking.
  • Incontinence in ASD was associated with psychopathological symptoms and medication side effects.

Conclusions:

  • A significant association exists between ASD and incontinence, with higher rates observed in both directions.
  • Methodological limitations, including diagnostic inconsistencies and lack of control groups, necessitate cautious interpretation of findings.
  • Further systematic research with robust methodologies is crucial to understand this co-occurrence better.