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Related Experiment Videos

Conjugated Polymers Via Direct Arylation Polymerization in Continuous Flow: Minimizing the Cost and Batch-to-Batch

Nemal S Gobalasingham1, Jon E Carlé2, Frederik C Krebs2

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-1661, USA.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|October 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

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Continuous flow direct arylation polymerization (DArP) enables scalable synthesis of high-performance PPDTBT polymer for flexible solar cells. This method avoids toxic tin chemicals and reduces costs, offering a greener alternative for advanced materials.

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics

Background:

  • Scalable synthesis of high-performance polymers is crucial for advanced electronic devices.
  • Direct arylation polymerization (DArP) is an emerging technique for polymer synthesis.
  • Roll-to-roll (R2R) compatible polymers are essential for flexible electronics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To utilize continuous flow methods with DArP for the scaled synthesis of PPDTBT.
  • To evaluate DArP's suitability for minimizing defects in polymer synthesis.
  • To demonstrate the application of DArP-synthesized PPDTBT in flexible solar cells.

Main Methods:

  • Continuous flow synthesis using direct arylation polymerization (DArP).
  • Polymerization of poly[(2,5-bis(2-hexyldecyloxy)phenylene)-alt-(4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)-benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole)] (PPDTBT).
Keywords:
conjugated polymerscontinuous flow synthesisdirect arylation polymerizationorganic solar cells

Related Experiment Videos

  • Fabrication and testing of indium tin oxide (ITO)-free flexible roll-coated solar cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved scalable synthesis of PPDTBT using continuous flow DArP.
    • Demonstrated the use of a β-unprotected substrate in continuous flow DArP.
    • Fabricated flexible solar cells with 3.5% power conversion efficiency (PCE) for 1 cm2 devices.
    • Achieved PCE comparable to polymers synthesized via Stille cross-coupling.

    Conclusions:

    • Continuous flow DArP is a viable and advantageous method for scalable polymer synthesis.
    • This method avoids toxic tin chemicals, reducing costs and environmental impact.
    • The protocol minimizes batch-to-batch variations, ensuring high-quality materials for electronic applications.