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Related Concept Videos

Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

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Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
Hand hygiene is the most crucial means to prevent the transmission of disease. Employers are legally required to provide their workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure or contact with...
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Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
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Cleaning, Sterilization, and Disinfection01:30

Cleaning, Sterilization, and Disinfection

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Cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization are the methods that help to break the infection chain and prevent disease.
Cleaning
The cleaning process usually involves using water with detergents or enzymatic cleaner and removing foreign material from objects and surfaces, including organic material such as body fluids or inorganic material like soil. Cleaning is performed before high-level disinfection and sterilization because foreign materials on the cover of the devices interfere with process...
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Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
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Author Spotlight: Microbial Control and Monitoring Strategies for Cleanroom Environments and Cellular Therapies
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High-Level Isolation Unit Infection Control Procedures.

Jocelyn J Herstein, Paul D Biddinger, Shawn G Gibbs

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    This summary is machine-generated.

    US hospitals established high-level isolation units for infectious diseases. A survey revealed varied infection control protocols, emphasizing the critical need for staff training and adherence to minimize exposure risks.

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    High-level isolation unitHospital preparedness/responseInfectious diseasesPersonal protective equipmentPublic health preparedness/response

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    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Public Health Preparedness
    • Healthcare Management

    Background:

    • The 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak necessitated specialized US hospital units for highly infectious diseases.
    • These high-level isolation units (HLIUs) were equipped with advanced controls, trained staff, and strict protocols.
    • The study focuses on the infection control practices within these HLIUs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To survey and detail the infection control protocols developed by US high-level isolation units.
    • To assess the preparedness of these units in managing highly infectious disease patients.
    • To identify variations and commonalities in infection control practices.

    Main Methods:

    • A survey was electronically distributed in spring 2016 to 56 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-designated HLIUs.
    • Responses were collected via a fillable PDF and analyzed using descriptive statistics.
    • 33 out of 56 (59%) HLIUs completed the survey, with 3 no longer maintaining capabilities.

    Main Results:

    • Nearly all responding HLIUs had written procedures for decontamination, waste disposal, and personal protective equipment (PPE) use.
    • Significant variation existed in infection control protocols between units.
    • Most units implemented hand hygiene promotion and PPE use monitoring, with time limits for PPE use (average 3.45 hours/shift).
    • While 94% had protocols for managing human remains, only 2 had specific autopsy protocols for infectious disease patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Most HLIUs possess written infection control protocols, but adherence and practical application are key indicators of preparedness.
    • Rigorous staff training and consistent adherence to infection control practices are crucial for minimizing exposure risks.
    • Further standardization and evaluation of practical implementation are needed to ensure optimal preparedness for future infectious disease outbreaks.