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Related Concept Videos

Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

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The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can...
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Ribozymes02:47

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Ribosome Profiling02:24

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Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
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Direct screening for ribozyme activity in mammalian cells.

Yoko Nomura1, Hsiao-Chiao Chien1, Yohei Yokobayashi1

  • 1Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Engineering Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904 0495, Japan. yohei.yokobayashi@oist.jp.

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Summary

Researchers expanded the toolbox for gene expression control by discovering new active ribozymes in mammalian cells. This work enables more precise genetic engineering and therapeutic development.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Synthetic Biology
  • Gene Expression Regulation

Background:

  • Engineered ribozymes are essential for gene expression manipulation in cells.
  • Current methods for finding active ribozymes in mammalian cells are limited, relying on empirical screening of small ribozyme sets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To significantly expand the available ribozyme toolbox for biological applications.
  • To develop a more efficient method for identifying active ribozymes directly within mammalian cells.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a large library comprising 376 natural and 2625 synthetic variants of pistol ribozymes.
  • Direct screening of these synthesized ribozyme variants within mammalian cells to identify active sequences.

Main Results:

  • Successfully identified active ribozyme variants from the large synthesized library.
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of direct screening in mammalian cells, greatly increasing the number of usable ribozymes.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully expanded the ribozyme toolbox for gene manipulation in mammalian systems.
  • This approach offers a more comprehensive method for discovering functional ribozymes for diverse biological applications.