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Related Concept Videos

Tactile and Chemical Senses01:27

Tactile and Chemical Senses

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Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex.
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Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Techniques of therapeutic communication I: Active Listening, Sharing Observations, Validation, and Using Touch01:15

Techniques of therapeutic communication I: Active Listening, Sharing Observations, Validation, and Using Touch

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The history of therapeutic communication can be traced back to Florence Nightingale, who emphasized the importance of developing trusting relationships with patients. She taught that the presence of nurses with patients results in therapeutic healing.
Therapeutic communication is not the same as social interaction. Social interaction has no goal or purpose and consists of casual information sharing, whereas therapeutic communication has a plan or purpose for the conversation. Therapeutic...
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Sensory Functions of the Skin01:16

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The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in our sensory perception. It contains a vast network of sensory receptors that contribute to the skin's protective function by perceiving physical, biological, and environmental cues and generating relevant responses.
There are two main categories of receptors on the skin: capsulated and non-capsulated. The non-capsulated ones are mainly the pain receptors. The capsulated ones can be further categorized based on the...
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Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
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Introduction to Special Senses01:26

Introduction to Special Senses

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Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Tactile Semiautomatic Passive-Finger Angle Stimulator TSPAS
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Tactile Semiautomatic Passive-Finger Angle Stimulator TSPAS

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Developing a sense of touch.

Blair A Jenkins1, Ellen A Lumpkin2

  • 1Department of Physiology & Cellular Biophysics and Department of Dermatology, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|November 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores how touch sensation develops, focusing on mechanosensory neurons and specialized skin regions during embryogenesis. It details how these neurons connect with specific skin areas for proper sensory function.

Keywords:
Axon guidanceHair follicleMerkel cellPlacodeSkinTouch

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Touch sensation relies on mechanosensory neurons transmitting signals from skin to the central nervous system.
  • During embryonic development, skin epithelium differentiates into distinct layers and microdomains.
  • Neuronal axons must precisely connect with specific skin regions for functional touch perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of sensory microdomain development in mammalian skin.
  • To explore the development of mechanosensory neurons that innervate these skin domains.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing research and literature.
  • It focuses on established knowledge regarding developmental processes.

Main Results:

  • Skin develops into a complex organ with specialized sensory microdomains.
  • Mechanosensory neurons extend axons to form targeted connections within these microdomains.

Conclusions:

  • Coordinated development of mechanosensory neurons and skin microdomains is crucial for establishing touch sensation.
  • Understanding this intricate developmental process is key to understanding somatosensation.