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Updated: Feb 18, 2026
External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?
Published on: June 6, 2020
Time-to-delivery and delivery outcomes comparing three methods of labor induction in 7551 nulliparous women: a
C Lindblad Wollmann1,2, M Ahlberg1,2, G Petersson1
1Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Objective:
Determine time-to-delivery and mode-of-delivery in labor induction among women with unripe cervix.
Study Design:
7551 nulliparous women with singleton deliveries, ⩾37 weeks, Bishop Score ⩽6, induced with dinoprostone, misoprostol or transcervical single balloon catheter. Linear regression analysis was used to estimate mean time-to-delivery with β-estimates and 95% confidence intervals with adjustments. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds of cesarean delivery, instrumental vaginal delivery, maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Results:
Adjusted mean time-to-delivery was 6.9 and 1.5 h shorter, respectively, when inducing labor with balloon catheter (mean 18.3 h, β -6.9, 95% confidence intervals; -7.6 to -6.3) or misoprostol (mean 23.7 h, β -1.5, 95% confidence intervals; -2.3 to -0.8) compared with dinoprostone (mean 25.2 h). There were no significant differences in adverse maternal or infant outcomes between induction methods.
Conclusions:
Balloon catheter is the most effective induction method with respect to time-to-delivery in nulliparous women at term compared with prostaglandin methods.
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