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Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: bottlenecks and future directions.
Rajapandiyan Panneerselvam1, Guo-Kun Liu, Yao-Hui Wang
1State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China. zqtian@xmu.edu.cn.
This article reviews four decades of challenges and advancements in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). It details overcoming bottlenecks in fundamental and practical SERS applications for broader scientific use.
Area of Science:
- Spectroscopy
- Surface Science
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has evolved significantly over the past four decades.
- Early development faced numerous bottlenecks hindering its widespread adoption.
- Research has diverged into fundamental and practical applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a detailed review of developmental bottlenecks in Raman spectroscopy and SERS.
- To analyze key issues and achievements in both fundamental and practical SERS research.
- To discuss remaining challenges and future strategies for SERS advancement.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive review of literature on Raman spectroscopy and SERS development.
- Categorization of SERS research into fundamental and practical directions.
- Analysis of historical bottlenecks and successful strategies for overcoming them.
Main Results:
- Identification of key bottlenecks in early Raman spectroscopy and SERS.
- Documentation of progress in extending SERS to single-molecule sensitivity and femtosecond resolution.
- Highlighting advancements in practical SERS applications across various scientific fields.
Conclusions:
- Significant progress has been made in overcoming SERS bottlenecks, enabling diverse applications.
- Remaining challenges require strategic approaches to further enhance SERS versatility.
- Future efforts should focus on developing robust analytical tools and commercial SERS instruments.
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