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Prebiotics and Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Heather E Rasmussen1, Bruce R Hamaker2

  • 1Department of Clinical Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, 1700 W Van Buren Street, Suite 425, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

Gastroenterology Clinics of North America
|November 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Dietary fiber, specifically prebiotics, fuels gut bacteria and can improve inflammatory bowel disease. More research is needed on specific prebiotics to best support the gut microbiota in IBD patients.

Keywords:
Crohn diseaseFiberInflammatory bowel diseasePrebioticsUlcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Dietary fiber, particularly prebiotics, serves as the main energy source for gut microbiota.
  • Prebiotics have shown promise in modifying gut microbiota composition.
  • Previous studies, including in vitro and animal models of colitis, yielded positive outcomes with prebiotic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of prebiotics in beneficially modifying gut microbiota composition.
  • To investigate the efficacy of specific prebiotic compounds in managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
  • To understand how prebiotics can best counteract microbiota changes induced by IBD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vitro studies and animal models of colitis involving prebiotics.
  • Analysis of limited human studies focusing on select prebiotics, mainly fructan-containing fibers.
  • Evaluation of disease activity and inflammatory markers in human studies.

Main Results:

  • Prebiotic interventions have demonstrated largely positive results in in vitro and animal models.
  • Human studies, though few, indicate improvements in disease activity and inflammatory markers.
  • Fructan-containing fibers are among the prebiotics studied in human trials.

Conclusions:

  • Prebiotics hold significant potential for modulating the gut microbiota and may benefit IBD management.
  • Further research is crucial to identify specific prebiotic compounds and optimize their use in IBD.
  • Understanding the precise mechanisms of prebiotic action is key to improving gut health in inflammatory bowel disease.