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Protein Digestion

Protein Digestion

Protein digestion begins in the stomach, where the highly acidic environment can easily disrupt protein structure by exposing the peptide bonds of polypeptide chains. After polypeptide chains are broken into individual amino acids by a series of digestive enzymes, the amino acids are transported to the liver via the bloodstream to produce energy.

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Predicting nutrient digestibility in high-producing dairy cows.

R A de Souza¹, R J Tempelman¹, M S Allen¹

¹Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.

Journal of Dairy Science

|November 28, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Dry matter intake (DMI) and diet composition significantly impact nutrient digestibility in dairy cows. While dry matter digestibility (DMD) depends mainly on DMI, neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD) and starch digestibility (StarchD) also require specific dietary factors for accurate prediction.

Keywords:

NDF intake model starch

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Area of Science:

Animal Nutrition and Metabolism
Dairy Science
Ruminant Physiology

Background:

Accurate prediction of nutrient digestibility is crucial for formulating optimal diets for high-producing dairy cows.
Factors like dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet composition influence nutrient utilization.
Existing models may not fully capture the complex interactions affecting total tract digestibilities in diverse feeding scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the effects of DMI, BW, and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter (DMD), neutral detergent fiber (NDFD), and starch (StarchD).
To develop and validate predictive models for these digestibilities in high-producing dairy cows.
To assess the influence of geographical location and specific feed ingredients on nutrient digestibility.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive database of 1,942 observations from 662 cows across 54 studies was compiled.
Data included DMI, BW, diet composition (NDF, starch, fatty acids, crude protein), and digestibility measurements.
Mixed-effects models were employed, incorporating diet composition, forage and corn source, DMI, location, and random effects; models were selected using regression and cross-validation.

Main Results:

Digestibility means were 66% for DMD, 42% for NDFD, and 93% for StarchD.
Prediction equations were developed: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW; NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW²; StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW.
Digestibility decreased with increased DMI; dietary starch negatively impacted NDFD; location-specific factors influenced digestibilities.

Conclusions:

DMD can be accurately predicted using DMI alone.
Predicting NDFD and StarchD requires incorporating diet characteristics alongside DMI.
The developed models provide a more refined tool for optimizing dairy cow nutrition based on specific dietary inputs and intake levels.