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Fluid-driven origami-inspired artificial muscles.

Shuguang Li1,2,3, Daniel M Vogt4,2, Daniela Rus3

  • 1John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; lisg@seas.harvard.edu rjwood@seas.harvard.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|November 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel origami-inspired artificial muscles using a simple fluid-driven system. These low-cost, scalable muscles offer safe, powerful, multi-axial actuation, surpassing natural muscle performance for diverse applications.

Keywords:
actuatorartificial muscleorigamiroboticssoft robotics

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics and Materials Science
  • Biomimetic Actuation Systems

Background:

  • Traditional artificial muscles face limitations in cost, scalability, and motion complexity.
  • Existing fluidic actuators often rely on high positive pressures, posing safety concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel architecture for fluid-driven, origami-inspired artificial muscles.
  • To demonstrate a low-cost, scalable fabrication method for these artificial muscles.
  • To achieve safe, multi-axial actuation with performance comparable to natural muscle.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a mechanical model for fluid-driven artificial muscles composed of a compressible skeleton, flexible skin, and fluid medium.
  • Introduced a rapid fabrication technique adaptable to various materials and scales.
  • Programmed and tested artificial muscles for multiaxial motions (contraction, bending, torsion) and multi-degree-of-freedom systems.

Main Results:

  • Artificial muscles demonstrated contraction exceeding 90% of initial length.
  • Achieved stresses of approximately 600 kPa and peak power densities over 2 kW/kg.
  • Actuation was successfully driven by negative fluid pressures, enhancing safety.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed origami-inspired architecture enables rapid design and low-cost fabrication of artificial muscles.
  • These artificial muscles offer safe, powerful, and versatile actuation for applications ranging from medical devices to space exploration.
  • The technology presents a significant advancement in artificial muscle development, matching or exceeding natural muscle capabilities.