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Related Concept Videos

Ventilatory Modes01:14

Ventilatory Modes

1.7K
Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
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Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation

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Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
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Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

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Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation...
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Mechanical Ventilation I: Indication and Settings01:29

Mechanical Ventilation I: Indication and Settings

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Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving technique for managing acute respiratory failure and other respiratory complications. The process involves using a machine known as a ventilator to supply oxygen to the lungs and assist in removing carbon dioxide. It serves as a bridge to long-term mechanical ventilation or a temporary measure until ventilatory support is discontinued. The ventilator can maintain this function for a prolonged period, providing critical support for patients until they can...
3.0K
Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

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Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
2.6K
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

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Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Peripheral Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Without Left Ventricular Venting
03:40

Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Peripheral Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Without Left Ventricular Venting

Published on: January 17, 2025

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Ventilation during extracorporeal support : Why and how.

A Pesenti1,2, E Carlesso3, T Langer4,3

  • 1Dipartimento di Anestesia, Rianimazione ed Emergenza Urgenza, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. antonio.pesenti@unimi.it.

Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin Und Notfallmedizin
|November 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mechanical ventilation during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is crucial for lung protection. This review covers ECMO physiology, ventilation strategies, and optimal ventilator settings for improved gas exchange.

Keywords:
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenationMechanical ventilationPositive end expiratory pressureRespiratory failureVentilator-induced lung injury

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Extracorporeal Life Support

Background:

  • Extracorporeal support aims for gas exchange while minimizing ventilator-induced lung injury.
  • Mechanical ventilation remains necessary during veno-venous ECMO to prevent lung collapse and ensure adequate gas exchange.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiology of extracorporeal support.
  • To discuss the rationale for continued mechanical ventilation during ECMO.
  • To summarize current clinical practices and recommendations for mechanical ventilator settings in ECMO.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of extracorporeal support physiology.
  • Analysis of current clinical practices in ECMO centers.
  • Discussion of mechanical ventilator strategies and settings.

Main Results:

  • A strategy combining low tidal volume and limited inspiratory pressures is widely accepted.
  • Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) strategies vary (total rest vs. open lung).
  • The use of assisted or spontaneous ventilation during ECMO is debated.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal mechanical ventilation settings during ECMO are still under investigation.
  • Balancing lung protection and adequate gas exchange is key.
  • Further research is needed to standardize ventilator strategies in ECMO.