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Lasers in corneal surgery.
Duodecim; Laaketieteellinen Aikakauskirja
|December 1, 2017
Summary
Femtosecond and excimer lasers are revolutionizing corneal surgery, offering advanced alternatives to traditional methods. These laser technologies enhance precision in procedures like photorefractive keratectomy and laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Surgical Technology
- Laser Medicine
Background:
- Traditional corneal surgery methods are being advanced by new laser technologies.
- Femtosecond lasers and excimer lasers have become integral to modern ophthalmic procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evolution and application of laser technologies in corneal surgery.
- To highlight the role of femtosecond and excimer lasers in refractive and transplantation procedures.
Main Methods:
- Review of advancements in laser-assisted corneal surgical techniques.
- Analysis of the integration of femtosecond and excimer lasers in procedures like PRK, PTK, epi-LASIK, LASEK, LASIK, and SMILE.
Main Results:
- Femtosecond lasers have replaced traditional instruments in corneal refractive surgery and transplantation.
- Excimer lasers, used since the 1990s, have improved photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and led to new methods.
- Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) utilizes both laser types, while SMILE exclusively uses femtosecond lasers.
Conclusions:
- Laser technologies, particularly femtosecond and excimer lasers, have significantly transformed corneal surgery.
- These advancements offer improved precision and expanded options for corneal procedures, including refractive surgery and transplantation.
