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Resin-Assisted Capture Coupled with Isobaric Tandem Mass Tag Labeling for Multiplexed Quantification of Protein Thiol Oxidation

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Chemical methods for mapping cysteine oxidation.

Lisa J Alcock¹, Michael V Perkins¹, Justin M Chalker¹

¹College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia. justin.chalker@flinders.edu.au.

Chemical Society Reviews

|December 16, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cysteine oxidation creates various post-translational modifications crucial for cell signaling. Chemical probes help identify these modifications and their roles in protein function, advancing biomedical science.

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Chemical Biology
Proteomics

Background:

Cysteine residues undergo diverse redox chemistry, including oxidation to S-nitrosocysteine, sulfenic/sulfinic acids, disulfides, and persulfides.
These oxidative post-translational modifications are vital for cellular signaling and protein function, yet their full scope remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of cysteine redox modifications and their biological significance.
To discuss methods for detecting and quantifying these modifications using chemical probes.
To highlight future research directions and challenges in cysteine redox chemistry for biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on cysteine redox chemistry.
Discussion of chemical probe-based strategies for modification detection and quantification.
Analysis of the physiological roles and biomedical implications of cysteine modifications.

Main Results:

Cysteine oxidation represents a key area of post-translational modification with significant biological roles.
Chemical probes offer powerful tools for identifying and quantifying specific cysteine oxidative modifications.
Understanding these modifications provides insights into cell signaling and protein function.

Conclusions:

Further research into cysteine redox chemistry is essential for a complete understanding of cellular processes.
Overcoming challenges in this field promises valuable advancements for biomedical science.
Identifying and characterizing cysteine modifications aids in understanding protein function and disease mechanisms.