Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

1.4K
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
1.4K
Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

Toxicity Testing in Animals

16
Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
16
Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

37.5K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
37.5K
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

2.2K
Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
2.2K
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

28.2K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
28.2K
Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

52.6K
Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
52.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Same/different concept learning by primates and birds.

Learning & behavior·2021
Same author

Sensory and working memory in a spatial change-detection task by pigeons and humans.

Behavioural processes·2019
Same author

Episodic Memory: Manipulation and Replay of Episodic Memories by Rats.

Current biology : CB·2018
Same author

Comparing cognition by integrating concept learning, proactive interference, and list memory.

Learning & behavior·2018
Same author

Monkeys and humans take local uncertainty into account when localizing a change.

Journal of vision·2017
Same author

Corvids Outperform Pigeons and Primates in Learning a Basic Concept.

Psychological science·2017
Same journal

The Genoeconomics of Impulsive Intertemporal Choice: A Critical Review.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
Same journal

Shaping the extinction burst: Increasing its probability and preventing its emergence across topographies.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
Same journal

Evaluating the combined effects of effort and probability on monetary discounting.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
Same journal

An improved translational approach to studying persistence-strengthening effects of differential reinforcement of alternative behavior.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
Same journal

Interactions between the effects of food and water motivating operations on concurrent food- and water-reinforced responding in mice.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
Same journal

Odor-visual and visual-visual matching to sample with dogs.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

14.1K

Testing complex animal cognition: Concept learning, proactive interference, and list memory.

Anthony A Wright1

  • 1The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School.

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
|January 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rhesus monkeys and pigeons show different cognitive strategies. Rhesus monkeys exhibit better abstract concept learning and event-based memory, while pigeons display time-based interference and recency memory.

Keywords:
animal cognitionconcept learninglist memoryproactive interferencesame/different

More Related Videos

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

8.4K
Shuttle Box Assay as an Associative Learning Tool for Cognitive Assessment in Learning and Memory Studies using Adult Zebrafish
08:35

Shuttle Box Assay as an Associative Learning Tool for Cognitive Assessment in Learning and Memory Studies using Adult Zebrafish

Published on: July 12, 2021

5.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 16, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

14.1K
Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

8.4K
Shuttle Box Assay as an Associative Learning Tool for Cognitive Assessment in Learning and Memory Studies using Adult Zebrafish
08:35

Shuttle Box Assay as an Associative Learning Tool for Cognitive Assessment in Learning and Memory Studies using Adult Zebrafish

Published on: July 12, 2021

5.0K

Area of Science:

  • Comparative cognition
  • Animal behavior
  • Cognitive neuroscience

Background:

  • Complex cognition assessment requires standardized tasks.
  • Comparing cognitive abilities across species like rhesus monkeys and pigeons presents unique challenges.
  • Synergistic task design aids in functional comparisons of cognitive processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a synergistic task framework for comparing complex cognition in rhesus monkeys and pigeons.
  • To investigate abstract concept learning, proactive interference, and list memory in these species.
  • To elucidate species-specific differences in cognitive mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Training rhesus monkeys and pigeons on same/different tasks with progressively larger stimulus sets.
  • Assessing novel-stimulus transfer and abstract concept learning.
  • Evaluating proactive interference using delayed same/different tasks with varying delays.
  • Testing list memory with four-item, trial-unique sessions and varied delays.

Main Results:

  • Rhesus monkeys achieved full abstract concept learning at a smaller set size (128) than pigeons (256).
  • Pigeons showed time-based proactive interference, whereas rhesus monkeys exhibited event-based interference.
  • Rhesus monkeys demonstrated a shift from recency to primacy memory over 30s, while pigeons showed this shift by 10s.

Conclusions:

  • The synergistic task approach effectively highlights species-specific cognitive differences.
  • Rhesus monkeys and pigeons employ distinct strategies for memory and concept learning.
  • Findings contribute to understanding the evolution and mechanisms of complex cognition.