Golden Gait: An Optimization Theory Perspective on Human and Humanoid Walking

Area of Science:

• Biomechanics
• Computational Neuroscience
• Game Theory

Background:

• Human walking involves complex coordination of muscles, bones, and joints for movement and stability.
• Previous models include pendular and fractal approaches to explain walking mechanisms.
• Optimization theory, particularly Game Theory, offers a novel perspective.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore human walking using Game Theory principles.
• To investigate the trade-off between advancement and equilibrium during walking.
• To link this trade-off to the solution of the Ultimatum game and the golden ratio.

Main Methods:

• Applying Game Theory principles to analyze human walking.
• Comparing the walking equilibrium to the solution of the Ultimatum game.
• Analyzing the proportion between stance and swing phases in human walking.

Main Results:

• The trade-off between advancement and equilibrium in human walking is solved by the golden ratio.
• The golden ratio emerges as the equilibrium point in the Ultimatum game.
• The golden ratio is the predominant proportion in human walking's stance and swing phases.

Conclusions:

• Human walking harmony can be explained by Game Theory and the golden ratio.
• This approach offers new methods for quantitative walking assessment.
• Potential applications include developing advanced humanoid robots and neurorobots for rehabilitation.